Background: In 2008, the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or
Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) criticized the use of mechanical restraint in …

Purpose Whilst formal coercion in psychiatry is regulated by legislation, other interventions
that are often referred to as informal coercion are less regulated. It remains unclear to what …

Rationale: Whereas the distinction between committed and voluntary admissions in mental
health is clear from a legal point of view, this clarity is not always present in the patients' …

Background: Germany provides a wide range of highly developed mental health care to its
citizens. The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing the voluntariness of …

Background: In Italy, psychiatric compulsory treatments are regulated by Law 180 of 13-5-
1978 that establishes three criteria: 1) acute psychiatric conditions requiring urgent …

Objective: Paths toward referral to involuntary psychiatric admission mainly unfold in the
contexts where people live their everyday lives. Modern health services are organized such …

Involuntary hospitalization has long been a contentious issue worldwide. In Greece, the
frequency of compulsory admissions is assumed to be alarmingly high; however, no study …

Background: Involuntary admission (IA) for psychiatric treatment has a history of
controversial discussions. We aimed to describe characteristics of a cohort of involuntarily …

Background: Involuntary admission is challenging in terms of providing the most effective but
least restrictive care in accordance with the country's regulations. A better understanding of …

BackgroundCoercive treatment comprises a broad range of practices, ranging from implicit
or explicit pressure to accept certain treatment to the use of forced practices such as …