Autophagy and apoptosis are important players in the progression of hepatic fibrosis via
activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Despite the recently depicted antifibrotic effects of …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in hepatic stellate cell activation and
liver fibrosis. We previously reported that α-lipoic acid (LA) and its reduced form …

Abstract α‑lipoic acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring antioxidant with protective effects against
various hepatic injuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanisms by …

In liver fibrosis, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) can stimulate autophagy and
activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Autophagy, playing a crucial role in HSCs …

Autophagy, a lysosomal pathway to maintain cellular homeostasis, is mediated via the
mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent pathways. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) …

Aims Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a pivotal role at the center of the
fibrogenic progression in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, it is poorly …

Lipotoxicity caused by excess free fatty acids, particularly saturated fatty acids (SFAs) such
as palmitic acid (PA), is one of the most important pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver …

Background: Liver fibrosis is a noteworthy well-being issue that can prompt the progression
of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Prominently, many antioxidants have been …

Methyladenine (3-MA) is a selective type III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor
and also blocks autophagosome formation. However, the effect of 3-MA in liver fibrosis has …

The clinical application of cyclosporine A (CsA) as an immunosuppressive agent is limited
by its organ toxicity. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of α-lipoic acid against CsA …