Aim: Levodopa is first line treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its use is
associated with the presence of motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. In recent years …

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second commonest neurodegenerative
disease. The genetic basis of PD is indisputable. Both ADORA2A rs5760423 and CYP1A2 …

Background We aimed to identify the genetic cause of neurological disease in an Iranian
family whose manifestations include symptoms of parkinsonism and cognitive dysfunction …

Adenosine modulates neurotransmission through inhibitory adenosine A 1 receptors (A 1
Rs) and stimulatory A 2A receptors (A 2A Rs). These G protein-coupled receptors are …

Background and purpose: In 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl 1, 2, 3, 6‐tetrahydropyridine animal models
of Parkinson's disease (PD), caffeine protects neurons by blocking the adenosine receptor …

Various studies have been conducted, exploring the genetic susceptibility of Alzheimer's
disease (AD). Adenosine receptor subtype A2a (ADORA2A) and cytochrome P450 1A2 …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder that affects~ 1% of
individuals over the age of 60, which turns to 5% in subjects up to 85 years (de Lau and …

Background: There are currently no methods to predict the development of levodopa-
induced dyskinesia (LID), a frequent complication of Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment …

Epilepsy, a common disorder of the brain, exhibits a high morbidity rate in children.
Childhood epilepsy (CE) is frequently comorbid with neurologic and developmental …

Aim: Dyskinesia and motor fluctuation are frequent and serious complications of chronic
levodopa therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease. Since genetic factors could play a …