Ever since its original description by Leo Kanner in 1943, autism has been generally defined
by its clinical characteristics and core symptoms that include impaired social skills, isolated …

Similar to what is the case for intellectual disability, recent genetic studies indicate a large
degree of genetic heterogeneity for autism and ADHD. Many of the disease risk variants …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of neuro-developmental
disorders. While significant progress has been made in the identification of genes and copy …

Despite the strong genetic basis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), research efforts in the
last decade have not been successful in the identification of confirmed susceptibility genes …

Autism is a complex, behaviorally defined, static disorder of the immature brain that is of
great concern to the practicing pediatrician because of an astonishing 556% reported …

We report the analysis of 335 microsatellite markers genotyped in 110 multiplex families with
autism. All families include at least two" affected" siblings, at least one of whom has autism; …

The genetic landscape of ASDs has several salient features [2–4]. ASDs are heritable–
concordance rates in monozygotic twins ($60–90%) are roughly ten-fold higher than in …

Mutations in more than 450 different genes have been associated with intellectual disability
(ID) and related cognitive disorders (CDs), such as autism. It is to be expected that this …

Genetic studies have the potential to identify the biological underpinnings of ASDs and other
neuropsychiatric disorders. The data they generate are already being used to examine …

Highlights•High throughput genomic methods are rapidly increasing the pool of ASD
genes.•Heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and brain complexity complicate translation to …