OBJECTIVE: To compare half sine transcranial magnetic stimuli (TMS) with conventional
monophasic and biphasic stimuli, measuring resting and active motor threshold, motor …

Objective Neuronavigated repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) at a frequency of 1 Hz
was shown to reduce excitability in underlying brain areas while increasing excitability in the …

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of anodal transcranial
direct-current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the primary motor (M1) or the primary …

Objective: To investigate the modulatory effect of a subthreshold low frequency repetitive
transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) train on motor cortex excitability. Methods: The …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been first described 30 years ago, and since
then has gained enormous attention by neurologists, psychiatrists, neurosurgeons, clinical …

Aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics of motor action potentials recruitment
during magnetic trans-cranial stimulation (TCS) of the brain. Coaxial needle recordings from …

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of human primary motor cortex (M1)
changes cortical excitability at the site of stimulation and at distant sites without affecting …

This study was performed to investigate the possibility of non-invasive modulation of SEPs
by the application of transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) over the primary …

Transcranial electromagnetic brain stimuli elicit a complex response in the electromyogram
of active human hand muscles. Relatively weak stimuli evoke a short-latency primary …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation allows the painless activation of cortical motor neurons
and elicits responses in a wide range of muscles, termed “motor-evoked potentials.” Since …