Plant hormones play important roles in regulating plant growth and defence by mediating
developmental processes and signalling networks involved in plant responses to a wide …

Phytoplasmas are bacterial plant pathogens that need a plant host and an insect vector for
their spread and survival. In plants, the physiological responses that phytoplasmas trigger …

Plant secondary metabolites carry out numerous functions in interactions between plants
and a broad range of other organisms. Experimental evidence strongly supports the …

Phytohormones are not only essential for plant growth and development but also play
central roles in triggering the plant immune signaling network. Historically, research aimed …

Plants are frequently attacked by herbivores and pathogens and therefore have acquired
constitutive and induced defenses during the course of their evolution. Here we review …

In agro-ecosystem, plant pathogens hamper food quality, crop yield, and global food
security. Manipulation of naturally occurring defense mechanisms in host plants is an …

Fungal disease is an increasing problem in both agriculture and human health. Treatment of
human fungal disease involves the use of chemical fungicides, which generally target the …

To elude or minimize the effects of disease and herbivory, plants rely on both constitutive
and inducible defenses. In response to attack by pathogens or pests, plants activate …

Plants are constantly exposed to microorganisms in the environment and, as a result, have
evolved intricate mechanisms to recognize and defend themselves against potential …

It has been several decades since Skoog and Miller described the contrasting behavior of
auxin and cytokinin in promoting the growth of root and shoot, respectively [1]. In recent …