We read with interest the original paper by Picasso et al.[1], in which they compared
computed tomography (CT) findings between immune checkpoint inhibitor-related …

Objectives To compare the radiological findings of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related
pneumonitis (IRP) and COVID-19 pneumonia, evaluating the potential of the CO-RADS …

It is common practice to assess the consistency of diagnostic ratings in terms of “agreement
beyond chance.” The kappa coefficient is a popular index of agreement for binary and …

Materials and methods From 15 March to 1 June 2020, 1,201 consecutive symptomatic
patients with possible COVID-19 infection who underwent both RT-PCR and chest CT at …

Kappa statistics is used for the assessment of agreement between two or more raters when
the measurement scale is categorical. In this short summary, we discuss and interpret the …

Objectives: When two raters consider a qualitative variable ordered according to three
categories, the qualitative agreement is commonly assessed with a symmetrically weighted …

Background Pneumonitis is a well-described, potentially disabling, or fatal adverse effect
associated with both immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and thoracic radiotherapy. Accurate …

Items such as physical exam findings, radiographic interpretations, or other diagnostic tests
often rely on some degree of subjective interpretation by observers. Studies that measure …

Objectives This study aimed to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram that effectively
distinguishes between immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) and COVID …

Agreement Statistics: Kappa Coefficients in Medical Research Page 1 1.3 Agreement Statistics
TUTORIAL IN BIOSTATISTICS Kappa coe cients in medical research Helena Chmura …