Messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) vaccines are mainly used as SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Despite several issues concerning storage, stability, effective period, and side effects, viral …

Simple Summary Extracellular vesicles (EVs) allow cell-to-cell communication and can
induce a strong immune response, by presenting antigens. EVs can be engineered to …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) enable cell-to-cell communication and, by delivering antigens,
can stimulate the immune response strongly. Approved in use SARS-CoV-2 vaccine …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerge as essential mediators of intercellular communication.
DNA vaccines encoding antigens presented on EVs efficiently induce T-cell responses and …

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a deep impact on people worldwide since late 2019 when
SARS-CoV-2 was first identified in Wuhan, China. In addition to its effect on public health, it …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are entering the clinical arena as novel biologics for infectious
diseases, potentially serving as the immunogenic components of next generation vaccines …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has wrought havoc on the world economy and …

The prevailing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 highlights the desperate need of alternative
vaccine-platforms, which are safe, effective, and can be modified to carry antigens of …

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is ongoing, and has necessitated …

The lethality of the COVID 19 pandemic became the trigger for one of the most meteoric
races on record in the search for strategies of disease control. Those include development of …