Context: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) can occur in the setting of differentiated thyroid
carcinoma (DTC), which suggests a continuum in malignant progression from DTC to ATC …

Context: Genetic alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and phosphatidylinositol 3-
kinase (PI3K)/Akt and MAPK pathways have not been fully defined in anaplastic and …

Purpose: To investigate the overall occurrence and relationship of genetic alterations in the
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in thyroid tumors and explore the scope of …

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare, but aggressive and chemoresistant tumor with
dismal prognosis. Most ATCs harbor mutations that activate RAS/MAPK/ERK and …

Thyroid malignancies are the most common type of endocrine tumors. Of the various
histologic subtypes, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) represents a subset of all cases but …

Abstract The phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently activated in
thyroid carcinomas through the constitutive activation of stimulatory molecules (eg, Ras) …

Background: Aberrant activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway
plays a fundamental role in thyroid tumorigenesis, particularly in follicular thyroid cancer …

Background: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare tumor, with poorly defined
oncogenic molecular mechanisms and limited therapeutic options contributing to its poor …

Context: Mutually exclusive mutations of RET, RAS, or BRAF are present in about 70% of
papillary thyroid carcinomas, whereas only the latter two are seen in poorly differentiated …

BRAF belongs to the RAF family of protein kinases that are important components of the
MAPK signaling pathway mediating cell growth, differentiation and survival. Activating point …