BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 4D PCMRI can be used to quantify pulsatile
hemodynamics in multiple cerebral arteries. The aim of this study was to compare 4D …

Background Four‐dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) enables
efficient investigation of cerebral blood flow pulsatility in the cerebral arteries. This is …

Purpose Recent advances in 3D‐PCMRI (phase contrast MRI) sequences allow for
measuring the complex hemodynamics in cerebral arteries. However, the small size of these …

PURPOSE To measure mean blood flow in individual cerebral arteries (carotid, basilar,
anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, and posterior cerebral) using a cine phase contrast MR …

Introduction The purpose of the present study was to investigate normal ranges and test-
retest reproducibility of phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI)-measured flow and velocity …

Introduction 4D phase contrast MR imaging (4D PC MRI) has been introduced for
spatiotemporal evaluation of intracranial hemodynamics in various cerebrovascular …

The development of phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC MRI) provides a
noninvasive method for measurement of volumetric blood flow (VFR). We performed PC MRI …

Cine phase‐contrast (PC) magnetic resonance (MR) pulse sequences have been used to
measure blood flow in a variety of vessels. Because the cine PC sequence is time …

Exact knowledge of blood flow characteristics in the major cerebral vessels is of great
relevance for diagnosing cerebrovascular abnormalities. This involves the assessment of …

Purpose To visualize the hemodynamics of the intracranial arteries using time‐resolved
three‐dimensional phase‐contrast (PC)‐MRI (4D‐Flow). Materials and Methods MR …