Venom generally comprises a complex mixture of compounds representing a non-trivial
metabolic expense. Accordingly, natural selection should fine-tune the amount of venom …

Venom regeneration comprises a vital process in animals that rely on venom for prey
capture and defense. Venom regeneration in scolopendromorph centipedes likely …

Centipede venoms have emerged as a rich source of novel bioactive compounds. However,
most centipede species are commonly considered too small for venom extraction and …

Venom represents one of the most extreme manifestations of a chemical arms race. Venoms
are complex biochemical arsenals, often containing hundreds to thousands of unique …

Centipedes are venomous arthropods responsible for a significant number of non-lethal
human envenomations. Despite this, information about the composition and function of their …

The limited number of centipede venom characterizations have revealed a rich diversity of
toxins, and recent work has suggested centipede toxins may be more rapidly diversifying …

Profundiconus is the most divergent cone snail genus and its unique phylogenetic position,
sister to the rest of the family Conidae, makes it a key taxon for examining venom evolution …

Sexually dimorphic traits are widespread across metazoans and are often the result of sex-
specific inheritance or sex-based differences in gene expression. Intersexual differences …

As biochemical traits with clear fitness consequences, venoms serve a critical ecological
role for the animals that produce them. Understanding how venoms are maintained and …

Gene duplication followed by nucleotide differentiation is one of the simplest mechanisms to
develop new functions for genes. However, the evolutionary processes underlying the …