BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile spores can contaminate the hospital environment. Little
is known about the prevalence and strain variability of C. difficile environmental …

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have demonstrated that environmental surfaces in the
rooms of patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) are often contaminated with …

Background Clostridium difficile infection is often considered to result from recent acquisition
of a C difficile isolate in a healthcare setting. However, C difficile spores can persist for long …

BACKGROUND: Recent published estimates of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) incidence
have been based on small numbers of hospitals or national hospital discharge data. These …

Sir—The occurrence of Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been related to
exposure to antimicrobial and chemotherapeutic agents, gastrointestinal surgery or other …

purpose: A prospective clinical and molecular epidemiologic study was conducted to define
the frequency of nosocomial Clostridium difficile patient-to-patient transmission in an urban …

As Clostridium difficile spores are resistant to many household cleaning products, the
potential for community household contamination is high. The purpose of this study was to …

Objective. To compare incidence rates of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) during a 6-year
period among 5 geographically diverse academic medical centers across the United States …

We determined prospectively the frequency, persistence and molecular epidemiology of
Clostridium difficile environmental contamination after detergent-based cleaning in side …

The horizontal transmission of Clostridium difficile in the hospital environment is difficult to
establish. Current methods to detect C. difficile spores on surfaces are not quantitative, lack …