Influenza viruses cause annual outbreaks of respiratory tract infection with attack rates of 5–
10%. This means that humans are infected repeatedly with intervals of, on average, 10–20 …

Influenza is a major respiratory pathogen causing annual outbreaks and occasional
pandemics. Influenza vaccination is the major method of prophylaxis. Currently annual …

Influenza vaccines remain the primary public health tool in reducing the ever-present burden
of influenza and its complications. In seeking more immunogenic, more effective and more …

Vaccination is one of the most effective and cost-benefit interventions that prevent the
mortality and reduce morbidity from infectious pathogens. However, the licensed influenza …

Background This report summarizes the discussions and conclusions from the
“Immunological Assays and Correlates of Protection for Next‐Generation Influenza …

Since inactivated influenza vaccines mainly confer protective immunity by inducing strain-
specific antibodies to the viral hemagglutinin, these vaccines only afford protection against …

There is considerable interest in the development of broadly protective influenza vaccines
because of the continuous emergence of antigenic drift variants of seasonal influenza …

Development of Effective Vaccines against Pandemic Influenza: Immunity Skip to Main Content
Advertisement Immunity This journal offers authors two options (open access or subscription) …

Influenza A and B virus infections are a major cause of respiratory disease in humans and
are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination against …

The introduction of a new influenza strain into human circulation leads to rapid global
spread. This review summarizes innate and adaptive immunity to influenza viruses, with an …