Prediction of tonic parasympathetic cardiac control using respiratory sinus arrhythmia: the need for respiratory control

P Grossman, J Karemaker, W Wieling - Psychophysiology, 1991 - Wiley Online Library
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) has received much attention in recent years due to the
large body of evidence indicating that variations in this phenomenon represent alterations in …

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, cardiac vagal tone, and respiration: Within‐and between‐individual relations

P Grossman, M Kollai - Psychophysiology, 1993 - Wiley Online Library
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is frequently employed as an intra‐and interindividual
index of cardiac parasympathetic tone, although the relationship of RSA to interindividual …

Paced respiratory sinus arrhythmia as an index of cardiac parasympathetic tone during varying behavioral tasks

P Grossman, G Stemmler, E Meinhardt - Psychophysiology, 1990 - Wiley Online Library
This study addresses a number of unresolved issues regarding the employment of
respiratory sinus arrhythmia as an index of tonic parasympathetic cardiac control in …

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and parasympathetic cardiac control: some basic issues concerning quantification, applications and implications

P Grossman, K Wientjes - Cardiorespiratory and cardiosomatic …, 1986 - Springer
In recent years, increasing attention has been directed to the phenomenon of respiratory
sinus arrhythmia (RSA) by physiologists and psychophysiologists (eg Fouad et al., 1984; …

Studying noninvasive indices of vagal control: the need for respiratory control and the problem of target specificity

T Ritz - Biological psychology, 2009 - Elsevier
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is a popular index of cardiac vagal control; however,
research has rarely adequately addressed respiratory influences on RSA. In addition …

A comparison of three quantification methods for estimation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia

P Grossman, J Van Beek, C Wientjes - Psychophysiology, 1990 - Wiley Online Library
The empirical literature has shown that respiratory sinus arrhythmia is a sensitive
noninvasive index of parasympathetic cardiac control. Nevertheless there has been no …

Methodological issues in the quantification of respiratory sinus arrhythmia

JW Denver, SF Reed, SW Porges - Biological psychology, 2007 - Elsevier
Although respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is a commonly quantified physiological
variable, the methods for quantification are not consistent. This manuscript questions the …

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, cardiac vagal control, and daily activity

P Grossman, FH Wilhelm… - American Journal of …, 2004 - journals.physiology.org
Ambulatory respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) or high-frequency heart rate (HR) variability
is frequently employed as an index of cardiac parasympathetic control and related to risk or …

Influence of breathing frequency on the pattern of respiratory sinus arrhythmia and blood pressure: old questions revisited

PYW Sin, DC Galletly… - American Journal of …, 2010 - journals.physiology.org
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is classically described as a vagally mediated increase
and decrease in heart rate concurrent with inspiration and expiration, respectively. However …

Implementation and interpretation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia measures in psychosomatic medicine: practice against better evidence?

T Ritz, B Dahme - Psychosomatic medicine, 2006 - journals.lww.com
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) or high-frequency heart rate variability has been widely
used as a noninvasive measure of cardiac vagal tone. However, their dependency on both …