This systematic review assessed study-level determinants of non-covering (inappropriate)
empirical antibiotic treatment (IEAT), focusing on the influence of study years and the …

Inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment for severe infections is associated with increased
mortality. Superfluous treatment is associated with resistance induction. We aimed to define …

Objective The incidence of inappropriate and excessive empirical antibiotic therapy is
unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of different empirical …

Objectives Antibiotic resistance requires continuous monitoring by experts to decide whether
empirical antibiotic therapies (EATs) should be replaced by alternative antibiotics. The exact …

Background Antibiotic use drives antibiotic resistance. Objectives To systematically review
the literature and estimate associations between prior exposure to antibiotics across World …

Objective Clinical practice universally assumes that appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy
improves survival in patients with bloodstream infection. However, this is not generally …

Background Modification of empirical antimicrobials when warranted by culture results or
clinical signs is recommended to control antimicrobial overuse and resistance. We aimed to …

Background The rapid global spread of multi-resistant bacteria and loss of antibiotic
effectiveness increases the risk of initial inappropriate antibiotic therapy (IAT) and poses a …

Introduction Bloodstream infections are associated with high mortality rates and contribute
substantially to healthcare costs, but a consensus on the prognostic benefits of appropriate …

Background Overprescribing antibiotics for patients with no bacterial infection is of growing
global concern. It is important for timely Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) …