Repair of large bone defects represents a major challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The
newly formed microvessels inside grafts play a crucial role in successful bone tissue …

The treatment of bone defects has plagued clinicians. Exosomes, the naturally secreted
nanovesicles by cells, exhibit great potential in bone defect regeneration to realize cell-free …

Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) can recruit stem
cells for bone repair, with neovessels serving as the main migratory channel for stem cells to …

Large segmental bone regeneration remains a great challenge due to the lack of
vascularization in newly formed bone. Conventional strategies primarily combine bone …

In-situ bone tissue regeneration, which harnesses cell external microenvironment and their
regenerative potential to induce cell functions and bone reconstruction through some …

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have been recognized as new candidates
for cell-free treatment of various diseases. However, maintaining the retention and stability of …

As an emerging cell-free therapy, exosomes derived from stem cells have been widely
explored for tissue regeneration. However, it is still a great challenge to achieve the …

Background Fractures are a medical disease with a high incidence, and about 5–10% of
patients need bone transplantation to fill the defect. In this study, we aimed to synthesize a …

Background Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have been recognized as
new candidate agents for treating critical-sized bone defects; they promote angiogenesis …

Growth factors in serum-free conditioned media from human bone marrow-derived
mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM) are known to be effective in bone regeneration …