According to the new directive regarding biofuels, Eni is working to accelerate the transition
towards alternative feedstock, thus eliminating first generation vegetable oil and replacing it …

A great fraction of worldwide energy carriers and material products come from fossil fuel
refinery. Because of the on-going price increase of fossil resources, their uncertain …

A large share of the vegetable oil market is today shifting from food to the energy sector. This
trend led to discussions about the chance of confliction between these two chains and its …

The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the concomitant reduction of
oil reserves has posed the need to replace progressively fossil fuels with renewable energy …

The increase of energy demand is related with population growth and industrialisation and
might be the genesis of international conflicts in the future. Consequently, it is essential to …

The Compañía Española de Petróleos SAU (Cepsa) is an integrated, energy service
company that is active in the entire petroleum value chain. This chapter presents the …

The European Community considers bio-fuels to be one of the fundamental axes of their
environmental and energetic policies and aims at achieving, by 2020, the objective of …

The current hot debate on biofuels calls for a balanced and realistic long-term strategy for
biofuels. The REFUEL project provides several ingredients for such a strategy. Analyses in …

Looking up to a future energy crisis, new solutions have to appear. Using renewable natural
means we can replace the existing demand for fossil fuels, preserving not only our non …

Biofuels is currently driving the interest in bioenergy sector. The recently issued Renewable
Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) confirms the 10% target, set by the EC, for energy from …