Background Alterations in gastrointestinal (GI) permeability and immune measures are
present in some patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but the relationship to …

OBJECTIVES Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a heterogeneous condition and defined
according to symptoms. Low-grade inflammation has been associated with IBS, particularly …

OBJECTIVES: Evidence suggests that patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have an
altered cytokine profile, although it is unclear whether cytokines are linked with symptom …

Background Serum levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines tend to be increased in irritable
bowel syndrome (IBS) patients, or subgroups thereof. Still, the link between cytokine levels …

Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder of
unknown etiology; although infection and inflammation have recently been considered as …

Background: Growing evidence suggests that patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
have increased intestinal permeability. In addition, mucosal soluble mediators are involved …

Background and objectives Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent functional
gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, which presents with abdominal pain and changes in the bowel …

Introduction A considerable number of patients with gastrointestinal complaints attributable
to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have shown evidence of immune activation. Fatigue is also …

Evidences suggest that there is low-grade inflammation in the colonic mucosa and/or a state
of immune activation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Results from available …

Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), one of the most common gastrointestinal
disorders, markedly impairing patients' quality of life. Drug development for IBS treatment …