It is argued that larviparous development has evolved at least eight times among extant
animals. A 'need for speed hypothesis' is proposed to explain profound convergence on a …

Larvae from diverse marine-invertebrate phyla are able to respond rapidly to environmental
cues to settlement and to undergo very rapid metamorphic morphogenesis because they …

In the laboratory, the swimming larvae of benthic marine invertebrates are generally capable
of prolonging their larval period beyond the time that they first become physiologically …

Metamorphosis in marine invertebrate larvae is a dynamic, environmentally dependent
process that integrates ontogeny with habitat selection. The capacity of many marine …

M any marine invertebrate spccies have complex life cyeIes, in which oue Of more free-living
developmental stages cventually metamorphoses to a morphologically-and often cco …

Recent progress narrowing the gaps between molecular biology, studies of larval settlement
and metamorphosis, and field studies of recruitment of benthic invertebrates is discussed …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the role of larvae in the development and
evolution of invertebrates. The larvae of marine invertebrates are intricately functioning …

The larval patterns of marine invertebrates pose intriguing questions for both evolutionary
and developmental biologists. However, combined investigations have been rare …

This chapter examines the origin and diversification of metazoan larvae and developmental
modes. It discusses the major features of larval evolution, and considers their developmental …

Many crustaceans have complex life cycles characterized by a metamorphosis, yet variation
in metamorphic traits, and the causes and consequences of this variation, have rarely been …