Pneumonia is associated with elevated concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine
interleukin (IL)-1 in the pulmonary compartment. To study the role of IL-1 in the pathogenesis …

To determine the effects of interleukin-4 (IL-4) on bacterial clearance from the mouse lung,
transgenic mice expressing IL-4 in respiratory epithelial cells under the control of the Clara …

Chronic pulmonary infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is common in cystic fibrosis
(CF) patients. P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS), phosholipase C (PLC), and exotoxin …

The aims of this study were to assess the role played by alveolar macrophages, tumor
necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) in pulmonary …

We investigated the role of inflammatory cytokines in a mouse model of chronic
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection mimicking diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), and …

Induction of pneumonia in C57Bl/6 mice by intranasal inoculation with 106 cfu of
Streptococcus pneumoniae resulted in sustained expression of interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA in …

Pneumolysin (PLY), a toxin synthesized by Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important
virulence factor in pneumococcal disease. This study evaluated the effects of PLY in lungs of …

IL-10 is a potent, endogenous anti-inflammatory cytokine known to decrease cytokine and
keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) expression. Traditionally, in vivo effects of IL-10 were …

Neutrophils may play important roles in chronic airway diseases. Pseudomonas is a
common pathogen in some chronic airway diseases, and expression of the neutrophil …

Rationale: Exudate macrophages are key players in host defense toward invading
pathogens. Their antiinflammatory and epithelial-protective potential in gram-negative …