Compared to constitutive resistance, inducible defenses in plants imply lower potential costs
of defense but presumably also a higher cost of herbivory, since an initial damage is …

1. Plants perceive herbivore damage or increased risk and respond. These changes may
increase plant fitness, although effects on fitness have often been assumed without …

Changes in plants following damage or stress are called" induced responses." In the
broadest sense, these changes can increase the" resistance" of the plant to further herbivore …

To examine the conditions selecting for induced defense, constitutive defense, and no-
defense, we developed a model of plant defense strategy against herbivory. In the model, a …

Previous explanations for the evolution of induced resistance of plants to herbivory
emphasized arguments based on saving costs when allocations to defense were not …

Plants in nature are attacked sequentially by herbivores, and theory predicts that herbivore‐
specific responses allow plants to tailor their defenses. We present a novel field test of this …

Commensurate with the increased frequency of cost-of-defense studies, the conventional
wisdom that inducibility is a cost saving strategy is enjoying growing empirical support …

Plants can employ two general strategies to defend themselves against herbivory: they can
either reduce the amount of damage they experience (resistance), or they can tolerate …

Recent empirical evidence suggests that many plants respond to herbivore damage by
producing inducible defenses. Although several workers have suggested that inducible …

A recent surge in attention devoted to the ecology of soil biota has prompted interest in
quantifying similarities and differences between interactions occurring in above‐and …