Little is known with regard to how acute and chronic high altitude exposure effects immune
function. Hypoxia is an environmental stressor that is known to elicit alterations in both the …

Immune outcomes are key mediators of many health benefits of exercise and are
determined by exercise type, dose (frequency/duration, intensity), and individual …

Acclimatisation to environmental hypoxia initiates a series of metabolic and musculocardio-
respiratory adaptations that influence oxygen transport and utilisation, or better still, being …

The benefits of living and training at altitude (HiHi) for an improved altitude performance of
athletes are clear, but controlled studies for an improved sea-level performance are …

MATERIALS AND METHODS Study population. Thirteen healthy moderately active young
women (aged 21.3 3.1 yr) participated in the Italian high altitude project EV-K2-CNR. All …

Purpose To determine how immune markers are affected by acute hypoxic exercise at the
same relative intensity. Methods Twelve endurance-trained males (age: 28±4 years, ̇ VV˙ …

Cold temperature and exercise independently impose stress on the human body that can
lead to circulatory and metabolic changes, and depress the immune system. Multiple …

Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is the major immunoglobulin of the mucosal immune
system. Whereas the suppressive effect of heavy training on mucosal immunity is well …

Purpose: This study tested the hypothesis that antioxidant supplementation would attenuate
plasma cytokine (IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) …

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), an important cytokine involved in a number of biological processes, is
consistently elevated during periods of stress. The mechanisms responsible for the induction …