Stroke disrupts the homeostatic balance within the brain and is associated with a significant
accumulation of necrotic cellular debris, fluid, and peripheral immune cells in the central …

Its increasing incidence has led stroke to be the second leading cause of death worldwide.
Despite significant advances in recanalization strategies, patients are still at risk for …

Immune and inflammatory responses actively modulate the pathophysiological processes of
acute brain injuries such as stroke. Soon after the onset of stroke, signals such as brain …

Stroke remains a major cause of long-term disability and mortality worldwide. The immune
system plays an important role in determining the condition of the brain following stroke. As …

Ischaemic stroke involves the rapid onset of focal neurological dysfunction, most commonly
due to an arterial blockage in a specific region of the brain. Stroke is a leading cause of …

Neuronal death produced by cerebral ischemia activates innate immunity by Toll-like
receptors and triggers inflammatory response. This response is necessary to remove cell …

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a particularly severe type of stroke for which
no specific treatment has been established yet. Although preclinical models of ICH have …

Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system that exert diverse roles
in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. During the past decades, microglial polarization and …

Acute ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death in industrialized countries and the
most frequent cause of permanent disability in adults worldwide. Despite advances in the …

Stroke, which occurs during a loss of blood flow to the brain, is a global disease that
accounts for 10% of yearly mortality. But stroke is also a leading cause of long-term adult …