Renal fibrosis is the final stage of most progressive kidney diseases. Chronic kidney disease
(CKD) is associated with high comorbidity and mortality. Thus, preventing fibrosis and …

Renal fibrosis is the common pathological hallmark of progressive chronic kidney disease
(CKD) with diverse aetiologies. Recent researches have highlighted the critical role of …

Renal fibrosis is characterized by tubular cell atrophy and accumulation of extracellular
matrix. Fibroblast activation becomes evident in areas surrounding atrophic tubules, with …

A discrepancy between oxygen availability and demand has been found in most chronic
kidney diseases (CKD) irrespective of etiology. This results from a combination of structural …

Hypoxia, one of the most common causes of kidney injury, is a key pathological condition in
various kidney diseases. Renal fibrosis is the terminal pathway involved in the continuous …

Many clinical observations suggest common mediators in the progression of kidney disease
leading to eventual kidney failure. Among them, accumulating evidence emphasizes the role …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors consisting of an oxygen-sensitive α-
subunit binding to a stable β-subunit. HIFs regulate multiple signaling pathways that could …

Hypoxia promotes fibrogenesis in human renal fibroblasts. Background The mechanisms
underlying progressive renal fibrosis are unknown, but the common association of fibrosis …

In chronic renal failure (CRF), renal impairment correlates with tubulointerstitial fibrosis
characterized by inflammation, interstitial expansion with accumulation of extracellular …

Capillary rarefaction is a hallmark of fibrotic diseases and results in reduced blood perfusion
and oxygen delivery. In the kidney, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which leads to the destruction of …