The innate immune system is an evolutionarily conserved system of defense against
microbial infections. The family of Toll-like receptors is a major class of receptors that sense …

The innate immune system is essential for host defense and is responsible for early
detection of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Upon recognition of microbes by innate …

Detection of and response to microbial infections by the immune system depends largely on
a family of pattern-recognition receptors called Toll-like receptors (TLRs). These receptors …

Toll-like receptors are a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that evolved to detect
microbial infection. These receptors recognize conserved molecular products derived from …

Innate immunity is an evolutionarily ancient system that provides multicellular organisms
with immediately available defense mechanisms against a wide variety of pathogens without …

Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology Skip to main page
content HOME ABOUT SUBJECT COLLECTIONS ARCHIVE SUBSCRIBE ADVERTISE …

Abstract Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an important family of receptors that
constitute the first line of defense system against microbes. They can recognize both …

Work in recent years has shown an essential role for Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the
activation of innate and adaptive immunity in vertebrate animals. These germ-line encoded …

The mammalian immune system senses pathogens through pattern recognition receptors
and responds with activation. The Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that are expressed on antigen …

The innate immune system is a universal and ancient form of host defense against infection.
Innate immune recognition relies on a limited number of germline-encoded receptors. These …