A sufficient and timely energy supply is a prerequisite for the operation of iono-and
osmoregulatory mechanisms in fish. Measurements of whole-fish or isolated-gill (or other …

Fish encounter harsh ionic/osmotic gradients on their aquatic environments, and the
mechanisms through which they maintain internal homeostasis are more challenging …

Teleost fishes are able to acclimatize to seawater by secreting excess NaCl by means of
specialized “ionocytes” in the gill epithelium. Antibodies against Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) …

Teleost fishes are the major group of ray-finned fishes and represent more than one-half of
the total number of vertebrate species. They have experienced in their evolution an …

Euryhaline teleosts exhibit major changes in renal function as they move between
freshwater (FW) and seawater (SW) environments, thus tolerating large fluctuations in …

Compared to terrestrial animals, fish have to cope with more-challenging osmotic and ionic
gradients from aquatic environments with diverse salinities, ion compositions, and pH …

Fish, like mammals, have to maintain their body fluid ionic and osmotic homeostasis through
sophisticated iono-/osmoregulation mechanisms, which are conducted mainly by ionocytes …

Cells respond to changes in osmolality with compensatory adaptations that re-establish ion
homeostasis and repair disturbed aspects of cell structure and function. These physiological …

This chapter focuses on different types of tissues, such as: tissues involved directly in
osmoregulatory work such as gills, kidney and intestine; and tissues involved indirectly in …

The gills of fishes play a central role in gas exchange, ion regulation, acidbase balance and
nitrogenous waste excretion. Consequently, there are trade-offs and compromises in gill …