In the 1930s, August Krogh, Homer Smith, and Ancel Keys knew that teleost fishes were
hyperosmotic to fresh water and hyposmotic to seawater, and, therefore, they were …

Transepithelial transport is one of the major processes involved in the mechanism of
homeostasis of body fluids in vertebrates including fish. The current models of ion regulation …

August Krogh made fundamental discoveries about both respiratory gas exchange and
osmo/iono-regulation in fish gills. Dave Randall and co-workers identified a tradeoff …

This is an overview of our recent studies of energy metabolism in fish brain and other organs
regulated by exogenous (feeding, salinity) and endogenous (hormones) factors. To highlight …

The importance of salt and water absorption from the food by the gastrointestinal tract and its
impact on iono-and osmoregulation have been largely overlooked by fish physiologists. The …

Glucose, which plays a central role in providing energy for metabolism, is primarily stored as
glycogen. The synthesis and degradation of glycogen are mainly initialized by glycogen …

Euryhaline fishes live in a wide salinity range from freshwater to seawater and hypersaline
environments. Euryhaline fishes such as salmon, eels, and tilapia are economically …

The fish gill is a multipurpose organ that, in addition to providing for aquatic gas exchange,
plays dominant roles in osmotic and ionic regulation, acid-base regulation, and excretion of …

Freshwater fishes lose ions to the external medium owing to the steep concentration
gradients between the body fluids and the water. To maintain homeostasis, they use …

The impact of different environmental salinities on the energy metabolism of gills, kidney,
liver, and brain was assessed in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) acclimated to brackish …