An explosion of studies in recent years has established the ubiquity of host-associated
microbes and their centrality to host biology (McFall-Ngai etal., 2013; Russell, Dubilier, & …

An infectious disease results from the complex interplay between a pathogen and its host. In
otherwise healthy individuals, pathogens responsible for invasive infections actively invade …

Intracellular occupancy of the respiratory epithelium is a useful pathogenic strategy
facilitating microbial replication and evasion of professional phagocytes or circulating …

The future of bacterial growth physiology is shining more brightly than ever. It is profiting
from our increased ability to study individual bacteria, from advances in different forms of …

The gastrointestinal ecosystem is formed from interactions between the host, indigenous gut
microbiota, and external world. When colonizing the gut, bacteria must overcome barriers …

“T hose who are ignorant of history are condemned to repeat it.” This is one of the many
variations of George Santayana's famous quotation of 1905. It is particularly apt in …

Abstract In 1973, Theodosius Dobzhansky famously wrote that nothing in biology makes
sense except in the light of evolution. Today, nearly 50 years later, little in microbiology—or …

Of all the phenomena that characterize microbiology, the bacterial colony must be the best
recognized, the most symbolic, and at the same time the least understood. Few genuine …

This manuscript is aimed at encouraging those interested in biofilms and their effects on
microbial communities to view the study of chronic airways disease as one of the most …