Research on intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and subsequent development of obesity,
type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome is rapidly expanding, and potential implications …

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) has been linked to the development of type 2
diabetes later in life and the mechanisms underlying this phenomena are unknown …

Owing to its position between the mother and fetus, the placenta is exposed to maternal and
fetal derangements associated with diabetes. These lead to various structural and functional …

Low birth weight is an important risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes later
in life. One hypothesis is that fetal β-cells inherit a persistent defect as a developmental …

Objective Studies in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle suggest that impaired insulin action
is due to defects in the insulin signaling pathway and may play a role in the pathophysiology …

Objective: Type I diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is associated with dysregulation of the
oxygen and glucose metabolic pathways, both of which affect placental villous growth and …

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is when fetuses and newborn infants have not reached
their true growth potential as genetically defined. Fetuses with IUGR develop in a less than …

Women with type 1 diabetes are subfertile. Diabetes negatively affects pregnancy by
causing early miscarriage and poor prenatal outcomes. In this study we examine …

Obesity and gestational diabetes during pregnancy have multiple short-and long-term
consequences for both mother and child. One common feature of pregnancies complicated …

Objective The insulin like growth factor (IGF) system plays a key role in regulating fetal
growth, is metabolically regulated, and may influence development of increased birth weight …