Sex differences in the onset and manifestation of cardiovascular diseases are well known,
yet the mechanism behind this discrepancy remains obscure. Estrogen and its …

Gender specific differences in cardiovascular disease are largely mediated by sex
hormones. The use of estrogens significantly reduces the overall incidence of heart disease …

The effects of estrogen on vascular function have been studied extensively; however, much
less is known regarding the effect of estrogen on myocardial function and cardiomyocyte …

Although pre-menopausal women enjoy relative cardiovascular protection, hormone
(oestrogen±progestin)-replacement therapy has not shown cardiovascular benefits in post …

Gender-based differences found in cardiovascular diseases raise the possibility that
estrogen may have direct effects on cardiac tissue. Therefore we investigated whether …

Sex differences in cardiovascular disease and cardiac physiology have been reported in
humans as well as in animal models. Premenopausal women have reduced cardiovascular …

Gender-specific differences in heart disease have long been known but it has only been
since the advent of molecular biology that it has become possible to investigate the …

SPOTLIGHT properties of estrogen? It is probably not that simple. I say this because of the
now famous study that showed that hormone replacement therapy increased cardiovascular …

Estrogen has a plethora of effects in the cardiovascular system. Studies of estrogen and the
heart span human clinical trials and basic cell and molecular investigations. Greater …

Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed
world, and are increasing in significance in the developing world. Elucidation of the …