Studies in the United States have shown that those living in less polluted cities live longer
than those living in more polluted cities. After adjustments for other factors, an association …

Two recent US cohort studies suggest that current levels of particulate pollution in urban air
are associated not only with short-term, but also with long-term increases in …

A reduction in population exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2. 5) has been
associated with improvements in life expectancy. This article presents a reanalysis of this …

While time-series studies have consistently provided evidence for an effect of particulate air
pollution on mortality, uncertainty remains as to the extent of the life-shortening implied by …

Changes in life expectancy (LE) across metropolitan areas in the United States have been
associated with substantial differential reductions in fine particulate matter (aerodynamic …

The increase in mortality risk associated with long-term exposure to particulate air pollution
is one of the most important, and best-characterised, effects of air pollution on health. This …

Time‐series analyses and cohort studies provide different methods of looking at the health
effects of air pollution. With respect to mortality, the relative risk associated with a defined …

There is substantial observational evidence that long-term exposure to particulate air
pollution is associated with premature death in urban populations. Estimates of the …

ABSTRACT In 1996, Schwartz, Dockery, and Neas1 reported that daily mortality was more
strongly associated with concentrations of PM2. 5 than with concentrations of larger particles …

Increased mortality has been observed in association with elevated concentrations of air
pollutants in European cities and in the United States. We reassessed the effects of …