Tobacco smoking continues to be a major global health hazard despite significant public
awareness of its harmful consequences. Although several treatment options are currently …

Nicotine plays an important role in the initiation and maintenance of tobacco smoking.
Importantly, chronic nicotine exposure alters the function of brain reward systems, resulting …

Tobacco smoking causes high rates of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Despite
the availability of smoking-cessation medications, maintenance of long-term abstinence is …

Preclinical research findings in laboratory animals indicate that the glutamatergic system is
critically involved in nicotine dependence. In animals, compounds that decrease …

Tobacco use is a global problem with serious health consequences. Though some treatment
options exist, there remains a great need for new effective pharmacotherapies to aid …

Morbidity and mortality associated with tobacco smoking constitutes a significant burden on
healthcare budgets all over the world. Therefore, promoting smoking cessation is an …

Nicotine is a psychoactive ingredient in tobacco that significantly contributes to the harmful
tobacco smoking habit. Nicotine dependence is more prevalent than dependence on any …

Nicotine stimulates brain reward circuitries, most prominently the mesocorticolimbic
dopamine system, and this action plays a critical in establishing and maintaining the tobacco …

There are nearly 1.1 billion users of nicotine and tobacco products worldwide. Tobacco use
through cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the world and kills …

Nicotine abuse and addiction is a major health liability. Nicotine, an active alkaloid in
tobacco, is self-administered by animals and produces cellular adaptations in brain regions …