This paper presents a cognitive framework for describing behaviors involved in program
composition, comprehension, debugging, modification, and the acquisition of new …

This paper reports on an empirical study of the cognitive processes involved in program
comprehension. Verbal protocols were gathered from professional programmers as they …

The semantics of a number of programming languages is related to the operation of a
computer device. Learning a programming language is considered here from the point of …

The question of how novice and expert computer programmers represent and use
programming concepts is addressed here. Lines of programming code forming three …

The topic of this chapter is the role of expert programming knowledge in comprehension. In
the 'schema-based approach', the role of semantic structures is emphasized whereas, in the …

Software Design-Cognitive Aspects covers a variety of areas including software analysis,
design, coding and maintenance. It details the history of the research that has been …

Novices learned BASIC computer programming from a standard manual that emphasized
the language's syntactic features or from a standard manual that included additional material …

This paper presents five abstract characteristics of the mental representation of computer
programs hierarchical structure, explicit mapping of code to goals, foundation on recognition …

The goal of our study is to evaluate the effect on program comprehension of three factors
that have not previously been studied in a single experiment. These factors are programmer …

Various models of program undestanding have been developed from the Schema Theory.
To data, the authors have sought to identify the knowledge that programmers have and use …