Remote memory consolidation, extinction, and its impairments have been of interest to
researchers for years, especially due to its clinical relevance in patients with emotional …

Dentate gyrus (DG) is widely thought to provide a teaching signal that enables hippocampal
encoding of memories, but its role during retrieval is poorly understood. Some data and …

Amygdala circuitry encodes associations between conditioned stimuli and aversive
unconditioned stimuli, and also controls fear expression (Pape and Pare, 2010). However …

Fear memory is a highly stable and durable form of memory, even over vast (remote) time
frames. Nevertheless, some elements of fear memory can be forgotten, resulting in …

Fear regulation changes as a function of age and adolescence is a key developmental
period for the continued maturation of fear neural circuitry. The involvement of prelimbic …

Background: Memory updating is essential for integrating new information into existing
representations. However, this process could become maladaptive in conditions like post …

Sparse populations of neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus are causally
implicated in the encoding of contextual fear memories. However, engram-specific …

The loss of the dorsal hippocampus (DH) results in profound deficits in contextual fear-
conditioned (CxFC) memory. Nonetheless, CxFC memories can still form without the DH …

Introduction Threatening environmental cues often generate enduring fear memories, but
how these are formed and stored remains actively investigated. Recall of a recent fear …

Post-reactivation amnesia of contextual fear memories by blockade of noradrenergic
signaling has been shown to have limited replicability in rodents. This is usually attributed to …