There is an alarming global increase in the incidence of end-stage kidney disease, for which
early biomarkers and effective treatment options are lacking. Largely based on the histology …

Renal tubules are the major component of the kidney and are vulnerable to a variety of
injuries including hypoxia, proteinuria, toxins, metabolic disorders, and senescence. It has …

Accumulating evidence suggests that the central locus for the progression of CKD is the
renal proximal tubule. As injured tubular epithelial cells dedifferentiate in attempted repair …

There are many different glomerular disorders, including glomerulonephritis, diabetic
nephropathy, and hypertensive nephrosclerosis. However, once glomerular damage …

AKI increases the risk of developing CKD, but the mechanisms linking AKI to CKD remain
unclear. Because proximal tubule injury is the mainstay of AKI, we postulated that proximal …

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is the hallmark of chronic kidney disease and best predictor of
renal survival. Many different cell types contribute to TIF progression including tubular …

Background: In 2004, the term acute kidney injury (AKI) was introduced with the intention of
broadening our understanding of rapid declines in renal function and to replace the …

The kidney plays a fundamental role in maintaining body salt and fluid balance and blood
pressure homeostasis through the actions of its proximal and distal tubular segments of …

More than 800 million people suffer from kidney disease. Genetic studies and follow-up
animal models and cell biological experiments indicate the key role of proximal tubule …

Tubular injury has a major etiological role in fibrosis. For many years, this relationship has
been dominated by the perception that epithelial cells are transformed into myofibroblasts …