Survival for high-risk neuroblastoma remains poor and treatment for relapsed disease rarely
leads to long-term cures. Large sequencing studies of neuroblastoma tumors from diagnosis …

Reoccurring/high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) tumors have the enrichment of non-RAS/RAF
mutations along the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, suggesting …

High-risk neuroblastoma remains lethal in about 50% of patients despite multimodal
treatment. Recent attempts to identify molecular targets for specific therapies have shown …

Oncogenic mutations in the Neuroblastoma Rat Sarcoma oncogene (NRAS) are frequent in
melanoma, but are also found in several other cancer types, such as lung cancer …

Loss of the RAS GTPase-activating protein (RAS-GAP) NF1 drives aberrant activation of
RAS/MEK/ERK signaling and other effector pathways in the majority of malignant peripheral …

The ubiquitously expressed non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2, encoded by
PTPN11, is involved in signal transduction downstream of multiple growth factor, cytokine …

Background: Single agent MEK inhibition has been disappointing in clinical trials of RAS
mutant tumors, probably due to the induction of resistance through upstream activation of …

Growing evidence suggests a major role for Src-homology-2-domain-containing
phosphatase 2 (SHP2/PTPN11) in MYCN-driven high-risk neuroblastoma, although biologic …

Background A recent study reported that relapsed neuroblastomas had frequent RAS–ERK
pathway mutations. We herein investigated the effects and pathways of MEK inhibitors …

Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 mediates RAS-driven MAPK signaling and has
emerged in recent years as a target of interest in oncology, both for treating with a single …