Cytokine production by B cells is important for multiple aspects of immunity. B cell-derived
cytokines, including lymphotoxin, are essential for the ontogenesis, homeostasis and …

B cells are classically considered solely as antibody-producing cells driving humoral
immune responses to foreign antigens in infections and vaccinations as well as self …

B lymphocytes are generally recognized for their potential to mediate humoral immunity by
producing different antibody isotypes and being involved in opsonization and complement …

Recent experiments have revealed that B cells can regulate the course of immune
responses to pathogens and autoantigens by antibody-independent mechanisms. One …

The successful use of B cell depletion therapy for the treatment of autoimmune disease has
led to a resurgent appreciation of B cells as powerful regulators of immunity. However, to the …

B‐cell depletion therapy has beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases. This is only partly
explained by an elimination of autoantibodies. How does B‐cell depletion improve disease …

B cells play a central role in the immune system through the production of antibodies. During
the past two decades, it has become increasingly clear that B cells also have the capacity to …

Although classically B cells are known to play important roles in immune protection via
humoral immunity, recently their regulatory mechanisms have been best appreciated in the …

For many years, the only function attributed to B cells was that of antibody production.
However, activated B cells can also serve as potent antigen-presenting cells for CD4+ T …

In this review, we describe the non‐antibody‐mediated functions of B cells within the
immune system. In addition to antibody production, B cells also present antigen to T cells …