Congenital hand anomalies have a wide range of presentations and functional
consequences. Understanding and treatment of these deformities require an understanding …

Abstract Of the 1% to 2% of newborns that are born with congenital defects, 10% of these
are born with upper extremity malformations. Although many classification systems have …

Research on congenital hand anomalies continues to slowly advance the field via
retrospective investigations and surgical technique improvements. This manuscript reviews …

This manuscript reviews the basic and most common types of congenital hand anomalies
seen by the pediatrician. Each disorder is categorized into the standard classification system …

Congenital anomalies of the upper extremity, although less common than congenital heart
disease, are noted in approximately 2 per 1000 live births. 1, 2 This incidence varies by …

Congenital upper limb anomalies affect 0.1–0.2% of all newborns. They are often isolated
phenomena but can be associated with other congenital anomalies and may be the only …

Congenital hand surgery has advanced during the last 10 years with surgical technique
improvements, the incorporation of new technologies, and an enhanced understanding of …

Congenital hand differences affect approximately 1 in 500 persons and present unique
diagnostic and classification challenges. The embryology of the hand and upper extremity is …

The management of patients with deformities of the hand is a complex challenge and the
surgeon must maintain a sensible balance between function, appearance, mobility, and …

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