Scientists often use randomized controlled trials to compare a newly developed treatment to
the existing one, or to a placebo. Patients are randomly assigned to a treatment, and they …

The intra‐cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) of the primary outcome plays a key role in the
design and analysis of cluster randomized trials (CRTs), but the precise definition of this …

Increasingly researchers are recognizing that in many situations, using a cluster‐
randomized trial (in which groups of individuals are randomized rather than individuals …

The sample size required for a cluster randomized trial depends on the magnitude of the
intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC). The usual sample size calculation makes no …

A frequently applied assumption in the analysis of data from cluster randomised trials is that
the outcomes from all participants within a cluster are equally correlated. That is, the …

In this paper, we give focus to cluster randomized trials, also known as group randomized
trials, which randomize clusters, or groups, of subjects to different trial arms, such as …

In cluster randomised trials, a measure of intracluster correlation such as the intraclass
correlation coefficient (ICC) should be reported for each primary outcome. Providing …

Background Increasingly, researchers are recognizing that there are many situations where
the use of a cluster randomized trial may be more appropriate than an individually …

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are increasingly used to evaluate the effectiveness of
health‐care interventions. A key feature of CRTs is that the observations on individuals …

In cluster randomised trials, a measure of intracluster correlation such as the intraclass
correlation coefficient (ICC) should be reported for each primary outcome. Providing …