Plants have evolved a set of finely regulated mechanisms to respond to various biotic
stresses. Transient changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration have been well …

The calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are a large family involved in plant biological
processes. A calmodulin-like gene CmCML13 (GenBank accession number: MT340534) …

Ca2+ ions participate as second messengers in many stress-response and developmental
pathways. Among eukaryotes, plants possess a remarkable diversity of Ca2+ binding …

Calmodulin (CaM) is a primary calcium sensor in all eukaryotes. It binds calcium and
regulates the activity of a wide range of effector proteins in response to calcium signals. The …

Abiotic and biotic stresses are major environmental factors reducing crop productivity and
causing losses worth billions of dollars annually. Understanding the mechanisms of biotic …

Plants are sessile and unable to move away from unfriendly surrounding conditions. Instead,
they have developed during evolution very complicated cellular signaling mechanisms in …

Key message Calmodulin-like-proteins (CML) belong to a family of calcium-sensing proteins
that are unique for plants and involved in many different developmental and stress-related …

Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are an important family of plant calcium sensor proteins
that sense and decode changes in the intracellular calcium concentration in response to …

Abiotic stresses are considered as major limiting factors of crop yields and cause billions of
dollars of losses annually around the world. It is hoped that understanding at the molecular …

Ca2+ acting as a second messenger plays a crucial role in stress signal transduction
pathways. In plants, intracellular calcium levels altered in response to multiple abiotic …