The recent success of cancer immunotherapies has highlighted the benefit of harnessing the
immune system for cancer treatment. Vaccines have a long history of promoting immunity to …

Within the past decade, the field of immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of many
cancers with the development and regulatory approval of various immune-checkpoint …

Cancer immunotherapies refer to the concept of retraining the immune system to target
malignant cells. Multiple immunotherapeutic options exist including immune modulating …

Immunotherapy treatments harnessing the immune system herald a new era of personalized
medicine, offering considerable benefits for cancer patients. Over the past years, tumor …

Introduction Derived from genetic alterations, cancer neoantigens are proteins with novel
amino acid sequences that can be recognized by the immune system. Recent evidence …

Cancer neoantigens derived from random somatic mutations in tumor tissue represent an
attractive type of targets for the cancer immunotherapies including cancer vaccine …

With the approval of the first therapeutic cancer vaccine by US Food and Drug
Administration, numerous therapeutic cancer vaccines have been under clinical trials with …

Despite years of preclinical efforts and hundreds of clinical studies, therapeutic cancer
vaccines with the routine ability to limit or eliminate tumor growth in humans have been …

During their development and progression tumors acquire numerous mutations that, when
translated into proteins give rise to neoantigens that can be recognized by T cells. Initially …

Neoantigen vaccines are based on epitopes of antigenic parts of mutant proteins expressed
in cancer cells. These highly immunogenic antigens may trigger the immune system to …