The growth of phylogeography would not have been possible without the great advances in
DNA sequencing technology achieved through the 1970s and 1980s. DNA sequencing …

As a fundamental unit in biology, species are used in a wide variety of studies, and their
delimitation impacts every subfield of the life sciences. Thus, it is of utmost importance that …

The estimation of relationships among species in an evolutionary context broadly falls within
the purview of the discipline of systematics. However, as the central framework in …

Current approaches to biodiversity conservation are largely based on geographic areas,
ecosystems, ecological communities, and species, with less attention on genetic diversity …

Abstract Since Darwin published the “Origin,” great progress has been made in our
understanding of speciation mechanisms. The early investigations by Mayr and Dobzhansky …

Historical ecological studies provide information about the origins of species in an area and
the origins of traits characterizing the interactions between those species and their …

This chapter reviews current understanding of the genetic basis of speciation. Much
progress has been made in the past several decades in uncovering how new species arise …

Phylogeography is the study of the spatial arrangement of genealogical lineages, especially
within and among conspecific populations and closely related species (10). Ever since its …

The construction and interpretation of gene trees is fundamental in molecular systematics. If
the gene is defined in a historical (coalescent) sense, there can be multiple gene trees …

Comparative studies of community diversity have revealed substantial contributions of
regional processes, geography, and unique historical events to global patterns in the size of …