Introduction: The effects of smoking on decreasing the chance of fertility in women have
been acknowledged but some aspects, such as smoking behavior, are currently unclear …

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is a major public health hazard which may cause different
diseases such as fertility disorders through numerous mechanisms. Smoking decreases …

Smoking contributes to the death of around one in 10 adults worldwide. Specifically,
cigarettes are known to contain around 4000 toxins and chemicals that are hazardous in …

Objective To determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and primary female
infertility. Design Retrospective, case-control study. Setting Population-based and randomly …

Background Although many studies have proven the harmful effects of smoking on human
health, the associations between smoking status and infertility are limited in large …

Smoking is a well-known risk factor of reproductive health. However, the effect of paternal
smoking on fertility has been less extensively examined. We conducted a cross-sectional …

Objective Cigarette smoke contains many toxic chemicals associated with poor reproductive
outcome and reduced fertility. It also has a negative effect on sperm motility and morphology …

The high prevalence of smoking among women in their reproductive years continues to be a
matter of concern. The negative effects of smoking on general health are well known, but …

This review evaluates the evidence for a link between smoking and female fertility. Twenty-
two primary papers and two reviews were found. All but three indicated a detrimental effect …

Smoking histories were compared in 901 women with infertility of different types and 1264
women admitted for delivery at seven collaborating hospitals. The relative risk for infertility …