The recycling of sewage is an economical option to solve the water resource pressure.
However, to avoid health risks to humans, pathogens in sewage must be removed before …

Biofiltration systems are an effective stormwater treatment technology. However, their
robustness is yet to be tested, particularly their performance following extended dry periods …

This pilot-scale study comprises a one-year field evaluation of slow sand filtration as a
tertiary treatment of secondary wastewater effluents using two different effective sizes of …

A long-duration laboratory study spanning more than 6 months was conducted to evaluate
the effect of operating mode on the performance of sand filters for greywater treatment …

Adding a filter backwash after shutdown restored the quality of filtered water to its
preshutdown standard. Biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration is used in drinking water …

The biosand filter (BSF) is a household slow sand filter that is operated intermittently such
that an idle time of typically 18–22 h occurs in between daily charges of water. Virus …

The decimal elimination capacity (DEC) of slow sand filters (SSF) for viruses, bacteria and
oocysts of Cryptosporidium has been assessed from full-scale data and pilot plant and …

A novel unplanted vertical flow subsurface constructed wetland technology comprising three
shallow beds (0.6 m length, 0.45 m width and 0.2 m depth) arranged in a cascading series …

Full‐scale municipal slow sand filters at seven sites in the Syracuse, NY, area were
monitored before, during, and after filter scraping to verify the presence or absence of a …

To improve the efficiency of backwashing in upflow biological aerated filter (BAF), a novel
backwashing process named air-water siphon backwashing (AWSB) was proposed and …