In the last American Thoracic Society (ATS) statement, dyspnea was defined as “a subjective
experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary …

Low inspiratory capacity (IC), chronic dyspnea, and reduced exercise capacity are
inextricably linked and are independent predictors of increased mortality in chronic …

Dyspnea is a distressing, debilitating, and near-ubiquitous symptom affecting patients with
COPD. In addition to the functional consequences of dyspnea, which include activity …

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are often caught in a
downward spiral that progresses from expiratory flow limitation to poor quality of life and …

Impaired exercise tolerance is a prominent feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD). 46, 59 Patients with COPD demonstrate widely variable exercise capacities …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide and, although it is a preventable and treatable disease, it often remains …

Progressive activity-related dyspnea dominates the clinical presentation of patients afflicted
by chronic obstructive and restrictive lung diseases. This symptom invariably leads to activity …

Dyspnea on exertion is the commonest symptom of chronic lung disease. Chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the commonest chronic lung disease, and serves …

The physiological hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is expiratory
flow limitation. However, it is the resultant air trapping and associated increases in lung …

Dyspnea refers to the sensation of breathlessness, shortness of breath, or difficulty breathing
that is commonly observed in patients with respiratory and cardiac disease. In the United …