In solid tumors like head and neck cancer (HNC), chronic and acute hypoxia have serious
adverse clinical consequences including poorer overall patient prognosis, enhanced …

Tumor progression results from a complex interplay between cellular heterogeneity,
treatment response, microenvironment and heterocellular interactions. Existing approaches …

To streamline the drug discovery pipeline, there is a pressing need for preclinical models
which replicate the complexity and scale of native tumors. While there have been …

Three-dimensional (3D) cancer cell culture models mimic the complex 3D organization and
microenvironment of human solid tumor tissue and are thus considered as highly predictive …

Conventional two dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture has been considered the 'gold
standard'technique for in vitro cellular experiments. However, the need for a model that …

Limited blood supply and rapid tumor metabolism within solid tumors leads to nutrient
starvation, waste product accumulation and the generation of pH gradients across the tumor …

Precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS) are viable ex vivo explants of tissue with a reproducible,
well defined thickness. They represent a mini-model of the organ under study and contain all …

Tumor spheroids more faithfully mimic tumor biology than monolayer cultures and require
three-dimensional microscopy. Our goal in this study was to overcome the limitations of …

The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in tumor growth, progression, and
therapeutic resistance, but interrogating the role of specific tumor-stromal interactions on …

The tumor microenvironment is composed of cellular and stromal components such as tumor
cells, mesenchymal cells, immune cells, cancer associated fibroblasts and the supporting …