Evidence from epidemiologic studies suggests that periodontal infections are independently
associated with subclinical and clinical atherosclerotic vascular disease. Although the …

In most countries, coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and
death. This report reviews the current evidence indicating that oral conditions (specifically …

550 Circulation February 9, 2016 periodontitis accounts for the residual excess
cardiovascular risk. However, the measurement of confounders is often imprecise, and some …

Atherosclerotic plaques were likened histologically to healing inflammatory lesions by
Russell Ross, who proposed a “response to injury” hypothesis for their formation. More …

Increasing evidence implicates periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the tooth‐
supporting structures, as a potential risk factor for increased morbidity or mortality for several …

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is an inflammatory disease of the coronary
arteries associated with atheroma formation, which can cause disability and often death …

Periodontal disease is a chronic infection of the gums characterized by a loss of attachment
between the tooth and bone, and by bone loss. We evaluated cross-sectionally the …

It is our central hypothesis that periodontal diseases, which are chronic Gramnegative
infections, represent a previously unrecognized risk factor for atherosclerosis and …

A link between oral health and cardiovascular disease has been proposed for more than a
century. Recently, concern about possible links between periodontal disease (PD) and …

The conventional risk factors for atherosclerosis are well understood, but they can account
for only about 50% to 70% of atherosclerotic events in the general population. Many other …