Abstract In May 2012 the European Commission released The Ageing Report, which
includes updated long-term projections of age-related public finance expenditure (on …

The Scandinavian countries clearly stand out, with significantly higher tax revenues than in
the typical OECD country, thus confirming the widespread perception that Scandinavia is a …

Public spending on the UK NHS has increased faster than economy-wide inflation since the
1950s, with an average real growth rate of 4.0 per cent a year between 1949/50 and …

There could be pressure to: provide further support for households in the event of another
large rise in the energy price cap in October; address the 5 per cent fall in the real value of …

The Global Financial Crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine
have had vastly negative effects on economies and increased the risk of political instability …

The Nordic EU member states faced a severe economic crisis in the early 1990s, giving rise
to social, economic and financial imbalances. Nonetheless, Sweden, Finland and Denmark …

Like other EU countries, Sweden was affected negatively by the global financial crisis, in
terms of GDP decline and unemployment growth. The fall in Swedish GDP growth in 2008 …

An increase in public spending is a phenomenon observed in many countries regardless of
the level of development (eg developing, developed or advanced countries). Recently, a …