For more than 20 years, our understanding of the biology of atherosclerosis has
incorporated the so-called inflammatory hypothesis. 1, 2 Inflammatory cells and signals drive …

The association between thrombosis and acute coronary syndromes is well established.
Inflammation and activation of innate and adaptive immunity are another important factor …

Until recently, most envisaged atherosclerosis as a bland arterial collection of cholesterol,
complicated by smooth muscle cell accumulation. According to that concept, endothelial …

Atherosclerosis, formerly considered a bland lipid storage disease, actually involves an
ongoing inflammatory response. Recent advances in basic science have established a …

The concept of the involvement of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has
existed since the 1800s, stemming from sentinel pathologic observations made by Rudolf …

The recognition that atherosclerosis is a complex chronic inflammatory disorder mediated
through both adaptive and innate immunity has led to the hypothesis that anticytokine …

Atherosclerosis is a pathological process caused by vascular remodeling. It symbolizes one
of the major causes for morbidity and mortality in the western world. The causes for these …

Clinical and experimental data support a link between endothelial dysfunction and
inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines are important protagonists in formation of …

Thrombosis is the most feared complication of cardiovascular diseases and a main cause of
death worldwide, making it a major health-care challenge. Platelets and the coagulation …

Observations on human and experimental atherosclerosis, biomarker studies, and now a
large-scale clinical trial support the operation of immune and inflammatory pathways in this …