Background: Photophobia is commonly associated with migraine, meningitis, concussion,
and a variety of ocular diseases. Advances in our ability to trace multiple brain pathways …

Abstract Purpose of Review To provide an updated overview of Photophobia with a
particular focus on photophobia related to migraine. Recent Findings Melanopsin-containing …

Migraine is a debilitating disorder characterized by recurrent headache arising from
neurovascular dysfunction. Despite recent progress in migraine research, the exact …

Recent evidence indicates a key role for the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide
(CGRP) in migraine pain, as demonstrated by the strong analgesic action of CGRP receptor …

Over the past 300 years, the migraine field has been dominated by two main theories—the
vascular theory and the central neuronal theory. The success of vasoconstrictors such as …

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a potent vasodilator and a neuromodulator
implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine. It binds to the extracellular domains of …

Based on preclinical and clinical studies, the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide
(CGRP) is proposed to play a central role in the underlying pathology of migraine. CGRP …

Introduction Clinically, calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonising drugs are recognized
as effective in migraine treatment, but their site of action is debated. Only a small fraction of …

Functional imaging studies have revealed that certain brainstem areas are activated during
migraine attacks. The neuropeptide calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) is associated …

Calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) is a ubiquitous neuropeptide found at the very
centers of the migraine process, both centrally and peripherally. It has been under careful …